Passive Strategies In Rural Housing: Optimization of thermal comfort in cold humid climate, Vereda San Antonio - Ospina

Abstract

The research focused on the application of bioclimatic strategies in rural housing in the village of San Antonio, in Ospina, Nariño. Bioclimatic architecture was defined as a design approach that integrated the climatic environment and natural resources to create comfortable and sustainable spaces. In this context, the study sought to respond to the challenges of the cold humid climate characteristic of the region, where low temperatures and high humidity had a negative impact on the habitability of the houses. To address this problem, a detailed analysis of variables such as temperature, relative humidity, wind direction, topography and vegetation was carried out. Data collection was carried out through IDEAM records and in situ measurements with specialized instruments, which allowed us to understand the climatic patterns and their impact on thermal comfort conditions. The results showed that the relative humidity reached high values, generating risks of condensation and deterioration of materials, while the minimum temperatures represented a challenge for the natural heating of the houses. Based on the Givoni diagram, passive strategies such as the Trombe wall, bioclimatic greenhouses, bioclimatic windows and wood fiber insulation were selected to optimize the capture and conservation of solar energy. These strategies were evaluated through simulations and construction analysis, which demonstrated their effectiveness in improving thermal comfort and energy efficiency. In conclusion, the research validated that the implementation of these passive solutions made it possible to adapt rural dwellings to their climatic context, guaranteeing wellbeing for the inhabitants and reducing dependence on active air conditioning systems.